Thermoplastic polyester elastomer nanocomposites Assignment

Thermoplastic polyester elastomer nanocomposites - Assignment Example It additionally demonstrates generally excellent protection from sway, tear, creep, and scraped area. Inorder to improve to improve mechanical, therma and electrical properties of TPEs (Aso 2006, 2854) fillers, for example, mica, muds, silica, kaolin, and powder are included (Sreekanth 2009, pg. 272). Mica improves basic properties of TPEs, these properties are practical . which are savvy (Sreekanth 2009, pg. 272). This position has likewise been upheld by LeBaron et al. (1999, pg.12) who contends that composites that show an adjustment in structure and arrangement over a nanometer length consistently display property upgrades in contrast with conventioanally scaled composites. Layered silicates which have been circulated as a strengthening stage on a polymer network are a case of such blend of inorganic/natural nanocomposites (LeBaron et al.1999, pg.12). A portion of these upgraded properties are, expanded moduli, expanded warmth obstruction and quality, and furthermore diminished combustibility (Ray et al. 2003, pg. 2355). For instance, in a nylon layered silicate with 2 % with vol ume of inorganic substance, multiplying of strenghth and pliable modulus is accomplished (Giannelis 1997, pg. 675). The motivation behind why nanocomposites display improved qualities when contrasted with regular composites is on the grounds that the scattering of dirt nano layers expands the quantity of strengthening components accessible that can divert splits (LeBaron et al.1999, pg.13). Coupling between polymer lattice and the enormous surface region (760 m2/g) builds pressure move to the support stage, which empower toughning and ductile improvement by (LeBaron et al.1999, pg.13). Furthermore, layered silicates thickness are in the request for 1 nm and they additionally have high angle proportions in the greatness of (10-1000) (Ray et al. 2003, pg. 2355). There are different reasons why there is an expansion in the high viewpoint proportions of the nanocomposites.According to Yano et al. (1993), it is conceivable that the improved hindrance

LIFE EXPERIENCES ESSAY; Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Educational EXPERIENCES ; - Essay Example That is one of the most significant life exercises that I have learned. This experience has educated my application to the school. I have had numerous obstructions throughout my life, yet I’ve endured through them. They’ve molded my character yet not conquer it. I recollect how much my folks esteemed instruction; that kept the fire of a superior life living on inside me. Today, I give a valiant effort to endeavor towards greatness with deterrents thumping each day at the entryway. My mom and father have been a significant motivation in my life. Their accounts are the premise to my life and they permit me to realize how far they have ascended from; they instruct me to concentrate on my present state, however to long for additional. Their accounts showed me how to be experienced and to understand that regardless of how life gets you down, you need to get back up again and battle for your fantasies and what you have confidence in. That is the most significant exercise of my life. I put forth a valiant effort to consistently recall it. Close to my family, drug store is the most significant thing in my life. I live, inhale, and rest it. All through my instruction I have endeavored to build up great systematic and basic reasoning capacity. I have large plans and huge dreams which I need to satisfy. I know in my heart I will accomplish them. A drug store degree would be the initial phase in achieving my objectives in my arrangement. I will probably get a drug store degree to profit more youthful drug store understudies and people in the future. All we truly do in life is give our achievement to our kids so as to make their lives somewhat simpler. I would do anything for my folks to do right by them of me, since they have done a great deal for me and I truly owe them. Some portion of my arrangement to do right by them is to procure passage into the drug store school. Be that as it may, I am not doing it for only them, I am additionally doing it for me and for my future. I put stock in my future with everything that is in me. So much can be cultivated when one

Values Practice Issues Within Mental Health Nursing Practice

Qualities Practice Issues Within Mental Health Nursing Practice Utilizing the qualities distinguished in the appended book (compassion and significance of self articulation) audit set up a 2000 word conversation and examination of qualities practice issues inside psychological well-being nursing practice. Presentation This paper plans to investigate a few issues around qualities and practice in psychological wellness nursing. The article expands upon a past bit of work embraced as a developmental task, an audit of a book read by the writer, which raised some key focuses which might be significant in psychological well-being nursing practice. The way toward revealing these issues, in light of exploring and perusing a work of fiction, was one which prompted an association of thoughts, from what the book introduced, and from the author’s individual experience, educational experience, and clinical experience and figuring out how to date. The recognized issues are to do with sympathy, compassion and the significance of self-articulation. These are for the most part gives which the creator accepts are particularly underestimated in regular daily existence, yet which become critical for clients of emotional well-being administrations, and for psychological well-being specialist co-ops, since they influence numerous zones of the individual, their experience, and the restorative relationship. This paper will investigate these issues in the light of a portion of the distributed hypothesis and discussion on these subjects, and the author’s own perspective and encounters. Conversation No doubt inside psychological well-being nursing, the connection between the emotional well-being medical attendant and the customer is significant, however this relationship depends on specific qualities which must support nursing care (Eagger et al, 2005), and certain necessities or prerequisites that the customer may feel according to the medical caretaker. Attendants working inside a system of qualities is no new thing, and qualities (and morals) have consistently supported medication and social insurance (Eagger et al, 2005). As per Svedberg et al (2003), â€Å"Mental wellbeing is made by the interlaced procedure of one’s relationship to oneself and to others†, which would propose that the connections the customer structures with anybody engaged with supporting emotional well-being are doubly significant. The customer may get self-articulation significant for themselves, yet additionally they will require sympathy from the emotional well-being medical caretaker. The medical attendant, thusly, might be tested by the client’s self-articulation, and may think that its difficult to feel empathy or to identify with the customer now and again. One of the difficulties of giving merciful consideration and even to the emotional wellness attendant to encounter empathy is the alleged relationship which a few creators have found between apparent affliction and parental figure sympathy. Schulz et al (2007) propose that there are interfaces between saw enduring and the degree of parental figure sympathy. If so, at that point it could be contended that some emotional wellness attendants who don't feel or show sympathy are doing so in light of the fact that in some way or another they don't see or accept the customer to be genuinely enduring, or to be deserving of empathy. This would raise a moral issue, since all the patient’s needs ought to be met, regardless of what the ‘personal’ reaction to the customer. In any case, this could be an absence of observation with respect to the psychological well-being medical attendant. Akerjordet and Severinsson (2004) examine the issue of enthusiastic insight in nursing, an idea which influences the attendant patient relationship, especially inside psychological wellness nursing. Salovey and Mayer (1990) characterize passionate knowledge as â€Å"the capacity to screen ones own and others sentiments and feelings, to segregate among them and to utilize this data to control ones reasoning and actions† (p 185). In their subjective investigation, Akerjordet and Severinsson (2004) discovered four prevailing topics about enthusiastic knowledge in psychological well-being nursing â€Å"relationship with the patient; the substance of oversight; inspiration; and responsibility.† This would recommend that passionate insight with respect to the medical attendant is significant inside emotional wellness nursing. Akerjordet and Severinsson (2004) recommend that passionate knowledge â€Å"stimulates the quest for a more profound comprehension of an expert psychol ogical wellness nursing identity† and that â€Å"emotional learning and development forms are fundamental to proficient capability, that is, self-awareness and development.† (p 164). Along these lines, the psychological wellness medical caretaker would need to build up the enthusiastic insight to comprehend why they are thinking that its difficult to feel empathy for the customer, and to make a move to cure this, and to act in a touchy and steady manner towards the customer, regardless of whether they don't really feel merciful towards them. Shattell et al (2007) did investigate on the restorative relationship inside emotional well-being administrations, and found that customers communicated encounters of the helpful relationship under the accompanying subjects: identify with me, know me as an individual, and get to the arrangement. â€Å"A remedial relationship for people with psychological sickness requires top to bottom individual information, which is obtained distinctly with time, comprehension, and expertise. Knowing the entire individual, as opposed to knowing the individual just as an assistance recipient.† (Shattell et al, 2007 p 274). This would recommend that the psychological well-being medical attendant ought to be persuaded to build up a compassion with the customer through this information, and ought to effectively participate in searching out manners to know and to comprehend the customer. This may relate back to the issue of enthusiastic knowledge, on the grounds that the psychological wellness nu rture has to know themselves quite well, and to get themselves and their expert persona (Akerjordet and Severinsson, 2004) preceding they would then be able to proceed to become more acquainted with and comprehend, and feel for, the customer. Hamilton and Roper (2007) talk about the idea of understanding, taking a gander at its hypothetical underpinnings, and the way that it is risky in emotional wellness nursing since it very well may be hard to have knowledge into patient’s encounters of psychological sickness. Knowledge is viewed as a component of the way toward becoming acquainted with and comprehend the customer, and from this, building up an information on their psychological instability, including diagnosing their specific dysfunctional behavior (Hamilton and Roper, 2007). Be that as it may, building up this understanding is made troublesome by issues, for example, the apparent distinction in power among guardian and customer, and the desires for ‘patient behaviours’ (Hamilton and Roper, 2007). This would recommend that the psychological well-being medical caretaker needs to consider each to be as a person, as special, and to set aside the effort to really become acquainted with the individual a nd their experience of dysfunctional behavior. Meanings of dysfunctional behavior, and names, can make this harder, for the medical caretaker, and for the customer too, who fears being decreased to their illness as opposed to being viewed as an individual who is sick (Hamilton and Roper, 2007; Shattell et al, 2007). Research by Shatell et al (2006) underscores this point. In their investigation, customers raised various issues around being comprehended by psychological wellness parental figures, and it was this idea of being comprehended which appeared to be generally significant in building up a powerful helpful relationship. A portion of these ideas include: feeling significant; building up associations, and being on a similar level (Shatell et al, 2006). Research by Svedberg et al (2003) discovered comparable outcomes, and in their examination â€Å"the patients depicted how the sentiment of commonality in the relationship with the medical caretaker was significant for the advancement of wellbeing forms. Commonality was accomplished by doing things together and by having a discourse with each other.† (p 451). This creator feels that these standards can be appropriately accomplished by emotional wellness medical caretakers who set aside some effort to become acquainted with the customer and who create compassion with the customer through concentrating consideration on them. The patients needed to feel comprehended in Shatell et al’s (2006) study. â€Å" Feeling significant was a significant result of being comprehended. Being comprehended caused patients to feel like individuals as opposed to being dealt with like a number or being dealt with like in a production line. Members needed to be dealt with like individuals, not as debilitated, intellectually sick people; like people, not a lot of conclusions â€Å" (Shatell et al, 2006 p 237). This could be seen as an outcome of the sympathy and mindfulness of the medical attendant as an expert, and of their capacity to consider the to be as a person, to not be partial by anything about them, particularly not their sickness. This is significant. This creator accepts that sympathy and compassion create through becoming acquainted with the customer appropriately, and that these all upgrade the remedial relationship. Shatell et al (2006) likewise recommend that customers feel significant when they realize the medical attendant has been considering them on occasion other than up close and personal contact, and this is something to consider for training, especially corresponding to the discussions that medical attendants have with patients. It is additionally significant that emotional well-being medical attendants create legitimate listening aptitudes, which would likewise permit them to create caring comprehension, and bolster the customer in communicating (Freshwater, 2006). Empowering self-articulation is a significant piece of medical caretakers becoming acquainted with their patients, no doubt, however self-articulation isn't simple for some individuals. Individuals with psychological sickness are frequently arranging a scope of various feeling of what comprises their ‘self’ (Meehan and Machlachlan, 2008). â€Å" For instance, an expert lady turns into a mother and spouse or ‘homemaker’ when she leaves the workplace for home. In changing starting with one self then onto the next sort, her different self voices renegotiate their progressive system and positions and make an intelligent self story predictable with the job of mother and wife.† (Meehan and

Essay About Influence of Advertising on My Life

Influence of Advertising on My Life Modern person has nowhere to hide from advertising in urban surrounding. When you go into any street, your eye automatically catches several advertisements and you get distracted from your thoughts and start thinking over their content. When you go somewhere by bus or metro, advertisements are also around you, and in these circumstances you pay even more attention to them, as you have more free time and usually don’t have any serious matters to think over. When you return home and turn on the TV – here it is again, interrupting the most interesting moment in the movie. Many people complain that advertising becomes more and more obtrusive and it even seems to them that they are being manipulated by some ads. To my mind, this problem is rather exaggerated as a lot of other issues. Everything depends on how you conceive it, which is why I try not to think of anything as a big problem, but rather perceive it as a challenging obstacle I have to overcome. Thus, instead of complaining, I consider advertising to be a friend of mine, which helps me to entertain while I go to work or somewhere else; helps me to find some necessary information; makes me laugh at some unprofessional and ridiculous designs; urges me to think what better variant I could propose for the given kind of service myself. And there are plenty of other positive moments which can be derived from advertising. The main thing is the will to find them. To sum up, there are

Film Noir The Maltese falcon Essay - 966 Words

Film Noir was extremely trendy during the 1940’s. People were captivated by the way it expresses a mood of disillusionment and indistinctness between good and evil. Film Noir have key elements; crime, mystery, an anti-hero, femme fatale, and chiaroscuro lighting and camera angles. The Maltese Falcon is an example of film noir because of the usage of camera angles, lighting and ominous settings, as well as sinister characters as Samuel Spade, the anti-hero on a quest for meaning, who encounters the death of his partner but does not show any signs of remorse but instead for his greed for riches. All throughout The Maltese Falcon the camera angles change with the character. Camera angles and lighting affected the mood of the scene; scenes in†¦show more content†¦There were only a few inhabitants on the sidewalks at one point in time; creating a deserted and mystifying scene; when characters walked on the rain-slicked ground, their footsteps could be hear echoing through the vacant city. When the characters were not outside they were in shabby and dimly lit apartments and hotel rooms. Spade spent the majority of his time in hotel rooms and apartments gathering his information about the Maltese Falcon, by visiting the people who knew anything about the falcon. The eerie settings added to the mystery of where the falcon could be. The Maltese Falcon contained many different types of characters. Spade was a protagonist. While on the other hand Kasper Gutman, Joel Cairo, and Wilmer were antagonists and Brigid O’Shaughnessy was a femme fatale. Each of the characters portrays characteristics of Film Noir. Spade is known as an anti-hero, â€Å"a protagonist who lacks the attributes that make a heroic figure, as nobility of mind and spirit, a life or attitude marked by action or purpose.† (dictionary.com) Spade plays by his own rules and is tough and a bit radical, he doesnt seem to be upset that his partner is dead. 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The Impact Of Leadership Style And Organizational...

The Effect of Leadership Style and Organizational Environment on Public Administration This paper analyzes the evolution of the field of public administration based on nine theorists’ perspectives on leadership style and organizational structure. It has three parts. The first part compares the nine theorists’ ideas using an organizational framework with special attention to the type of leadership and the environment of the organization. The second part discusses a comprehensive definition of the field of public administration. The third part offers predictions about the field of public administration, and the opportunities and threats faced by it. Organizational Framework Theories of public administration can best be compared using a framework with two-axis (see figure 1 below). The Y-axis has the environment of the organization with formal at one end and flexible at the other end, and the X-axis has the role of the leader with autocratic on one end and democratic on the other. 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Life Cycle Environmental and Economic †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Life Cycle Environmental and Economic. Answer: Introduction: The Holden Company is a historical figure in the Australian automotive industry and has been doing business for the past one and a half decades. The company launched its first car model called the 48-215 in the year 1948, which was an immediate success in the automotive market of Australia. The company became an integral part of the people within the country and the name is often associated with its own status and symbolizes a spirit of strength along with adaptability (Thomas and Holden 2016). The company presently employs around 6300 people from Australia and has produced more than seven million vehicles. The company is a part of the General Motors (GM), which is one of the largest automobile industries in the world since 1931. The company caters to the domestic and international clients and is an exporter of best quality engines across the globe and provides expertise in the markets as well (Holden and Risebro 2015). The operational activities of the company are located in Fishermans Bend, which deals with the manufacturing of the engine parts along with administration; the Dandenong area provides expertise in the operation of the spare parts and the Lang Lang area in Victoria along with Elizabeth in South Australia are the places where the manufacturing plants of the company are located (Ewing, Wagstaff and Powell 2013). The retail sales of Holden Australia according to the 2007 market saw an increase of 14 percent of the market share, as the company was able to sell 146,680 number of car units. The brand called Commodore alone was sold in 57,300 numbers of units and continued to be the most popular car of the Australian people for twelve years in a row. The plant that is located in Elizabeth produced a total of 107,795 numbers of units out of which the exports for the company reached to 36,354 units. Apart from this, the engine operations that are located in Victoria produced a total of 269,421 number of four and six- cylinder engines, which was exported to different places across the globe (Holden and Risebro 2015). Internal environment of the company The company was established in 1856 and shows the legacy of its brand in the Australian market. Most of the people can easily associate the brand with themselves, as it has served the community for a long period. The company provides employment opportunities to more than 6000 people, which has helped them in leading a better life and helped in increasing the economy of the country. The company is known to make minivans and Sports Utility Vehicles (SUVs), which are preferred in the Australian and the entire market as well. The company also has a strong image in the Australian and the New Zealand market, which has helped them in increasing their sales and generating better revenues. The merge with General Motors has helped the company in gaining international recognition, as the company is known all around the world (Sharma and Strezov 2017). The company mainly focuses its sales on a regional basis and tries to be competitive in its home and New Zealand market. The presence in the global market and the shares in the international market for the company are negligible when compared to other manufacturers in the automobile industry. The weak presence of the company in the international has made it difficult for the company to increase their sales in those particular markets (Bunyan 2015). The model Chevrolet/ Holden Volt is one of the products of the company that will help the company in increasing its volume of sales. The company needs to capitalize this opportunity so that they can capture the international market as well. The company needs to tap the resources that are present in the Asian and the African continents. This will help the company in increasing their volume of sales. The company can also develop their cars in a better manner with the help of the parent company that is General Motors, as they can provide better insights about new models of designs to the company (Morris 2013). The shift from the fuel cars to the electric or hybrid cars, which has increased has caused a problem to the company, as they majorly deal with cars that dawns a trendy look to the customers. The Korean and the Japanese car manufacturers have established their companies in a better manner, which has caused a problem for Holden in entering in to new markets that may provide opportunities for the company. The goodwill of the brand does not have a better reach in all the geographical locations on the earth (Mutze 2017). The government of China since the inception of 2013 is creating problems with the sale of the foreign products, as it is encouraging the local people in the intake of the local products. Before 2013, it was seen that the agencies that are based locally helped in encouraging the people in purchasing foreign goods. The rules and regulations of the government have had a huge impact on the automobile industry and made it mandatory for them to follow the safety procedures. The government has imposed custom duties and regulations of trade, which are complex for the marketing procedure of the company. The government has to be given a certain sum of shares so that they can keep a check on the ongoing practices within the company along with the taxation rules (Garcia 2017). The fluctuations in the price of the fuel along with the demand of the customers that is relative in nature, as they look for solutions that are economical in nature. The company needs to conduct a thorough research of the market so that they can have a better understanding of the high-end and the hybrid cars that are plying within the country. The prices of steel are also fluctuating in the marketing, which will pose as a threat for the company in the Chinese market (Shende 2014). The company has to understand the social needs of the Chinese customers so that they can provide the customers with the choice of vehicles that may be suitable for the consumers. The company also needs to give preference to the social status of the people in China so that they can be provided with the choice of cars that they want (Kapinski et al. 2014). The technology has been advancing on a regular basis in the current market and the Chinese economy is considered to use the latest technologies that are available to them. the company needs to set up their manufacturing plants in the country and hire robots in the production process so that the units that are manufactured in the company can be increased to a great extent (Zhou et al. 2015). The business has to be set up keeping in mind the rules and regulations that are present in the country so that they are not violated. The laws of safety along with the custom laws have to be followed by the company so that they can set up their business in a proper manner. Holden is known to follow all the rules and regulations that are present in the countries and ensures that the company is under the guidance of the laws that are present in that country (Hao 2014). The company has to follow the environmental laws as well, as China is highly polluted and they need to reduce the carbon emissions so that they can operate in a successful manner. The company needs to take the environmental pledge that is the CERES Principles, which consists of ten points about the environmental guide to the business (Zhou et al. 2015). The company produces various kinds of vehicles such as sports vehicles along with luxury and fuel efficient cars. This helps the buyers, as they get a wide range for selecting their vehicles according to their purchasing power. The company tries to manufacture the products according to the demands of the customers so that it can help them in increasing their value in the local market. The company provides the cars to the customers according to the capacity of the usage of the customers. The cars that are luxurious in nature are manufactured for the elite group while the young people prefer sports cars. The middle class people are more in to cars that are fuel efficient in nature. The cars are manufactured in the range of 1500-2000cc, which extends up to 7000cc as well for the sports cars. These cars are all built according to the demand that the company has in the market place (Andre et al. 2015). The company will try to attract the all section of the customers, as the products that are being manufactured by the company will cater to the needs and preferences of all sections of the society. The cars that have a higher price will be preferred by the elite classes that are living in the country, which will act as a status for them. The middle class people will be interested in the cars that will help them in saving their costs in every month. The customers who are adventurous will try to purchase the sports cars from the company, which will help in them in providing them with a thrilling experience (Jahanshani et al. 2014). The company is trying to manufacture hybrid cars so that it can help in protecting the environment in a better manner. The SUV vehicles that the company is manufacturing will be introduced in a new and upgraded manner, which will get a makeover known as Holden Special Vehicles (HSV). This will be done with the help of the local manufacturers so that their ideas can be taken up for completing the project. The CEO of the company has stated that these cars will come in different varieties and models, which will help the customers in having their own preferences. The old varieties of the cars will be launched in a new manner so that it can provide a new design to the customers, which will help in boosting up of the sales. The company will try to provide stiff competition to Ford in the custom car market, as they are trying to enter the market with new varieties of products (Fang 2013). The company can also provide valuable services to its customers in a new manner. The company can provide free services to the high end customers along with the loyal customers if their cars break down while driving on the road. The company can provide help lines to the customers so that if any accidents that might take place can be handled in an efficient and a better way. The customers can ask for help from the company and the company will provide the customers with another car at their current location so that the customers can reach their destinations safely. This will help the company in having a better understanding with the customers and strengthen the relationships as well (Jahanshani et al. 2014). The marketing mix serves as a basic foundation for a company to understand and formulate the strategies that will help them in campaigning in a new market. The analysis of the market is based on the macro and the micro parameters, which helps in understanding the characteristics of the brand and the presence that it has over the world (Baccarellla et al. 2014). The marketing mix consists of the factors that are as follows: The product that the company needs to introduce in the market will be the cars that are compact in nature so that the traffic problems can be avoided. The cars will be produced according to the needs and preferences of the customers and according to the rules and regulations that are laid by the government. The standards of the environment need to be maintained by the company so that the products can be pliable in the new market (Du, Hu and Damangir 2015). The pricing of the cars needs to be done based on the current economic conditions so that the customers can be interested in purchasing the products. The company needs to set the prices according to the range of income of the middle class group of people so that they can afford to purchase the products. This will help the company in maintaining its equilibrium of price in the market (Raj, Sasikumar and Sriram 2013). The company needs to choose an appropriate place for launching its product so that it can help in selling of the products in a better manner. The manufacturing and assembling plants have to be located in a better environment so that the products that have been manufactured can be transported to the showrooms in an efficient manner. This will help the company in increasing its sales in the market, as the operational cost will decrease to a great extent (Colmom and Hulsmann 2014). The use of extensive advertisements has to be done by the company so that the customers can be aware of the product that that the company wants to sells in the market. The promotional activities will help the company in spreading awareness about the product among the customers. The use of newspapers and magazines along with the social media platforms will help the company in explaining the details of the products to the customers so that they can get to know about the product in a better manner. The company needs to evaluate the effectiveness of the electronic media as well, which will help them in attracting the prime time customers towards the company as well (Baccarella et al. 2014). Conclusion Therefore it can be concluded that the company needs to set up its business in the Chinese market with respect to the following criteria that has been mentioned. The right customers have to be targeted so that they can help in increasing the sale of the products for the company. The company needs to evaluate the external factors in a better manner so that they do not face any barriers while entering the market. The rules and regulations of the country have to be maintained in a better manner by the company, which will help them in setting up of the company easily. The promotional activities that will help the company in spreading awareness about the product will help in increasing the sales of the product so that the customers can get the benefit of using the product that is being manufactured by Holden. The price that will be kept by the company will be based on the average level of income that is present in the market so that the customers will be willing to try out the product, wh ich will be easy on their pockets as well. The company first needs to try the exporting method, which is that the products need to be imported from Australia so that it can help in understanding the dynamics that are present in the market. Reference List Andre, D., Kim, S.J., Lamp, P., Lux, S.F., Maglia, F., Paschos, O. and Stiaszny, B., 2015. Future generations of cathode materials: an automotive industry perspective.Journal of Materials Chemistry A,3(13), pp.6709-6732. Baccarella, C.V., Scheiner, C.W., Trefzger, T.F. and Voigt, K.I., 2014. 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